Focus groups with students have magnified Arab reports of their faith and culture being scrutinized and adversely viewed by students and teachers, resulting in feelings of defensiveness and demotivation. Book review of Engaging Muslim students in public schools: What educators need to understand, This book review summarizes Michael Abrahams (2020) book, , Engaging Muslim Students in Public Schools: What Educators Need to Understand. Islam is resolutely monotheistic. When you send it in, let me know if I can use your real name if its selected or if youd prefer remaining anonymous and have a pseudonym in mind. The story of Arab and Muslim students is often an untold story. Just a reminder; you can subscribe and receive updates from this blog via email or RSS Reader. As the Muslim community grew, questions quickly emerged as to what was proper behavior during times of war. Muslims are the second-largest religious group in the world, and they have a growing presence in the West. With an increase of Muslim and Arab students in American public schools, there needs to be a major shift in how to teach the history of Islam and the Middle East. The breadwinner. The following six beliefs are those that are commonly held by. In my experience, parents want to maintain the Arabic language, but they also want their children to be proficient in English as well. Those who want to gain a deep enough understanding to support accomplishment and prevent discomfort should read Michael Abrahams (2020) book. a. Islam acknowledges that Gods revelation was received in the Torah, the Psalms, the Gospels, and the Quran: We sent Jesus the son of Mary, confirming the Torah that had come before him: We sent him the Gospel in which is guidance and light, and confirmation of the Torah that had come before him, a guidance and an admonition to those who fear God (Quran 5:46). These are accompanied by a sequence of movements: standing, bowing, kneeling, touching the ground with ones forehead, and sitting. More than 1,400 years ago, God appointed the prophet Mohammed as the messenger of Islam. Arab students are not recognized demographically on the census, and most Arab students are products of countries that are not democratic; therefore, self-advocacy is not a natural characteristic promoted culturally. What are important considerations that educators should keep in mind when teaching Arab and Muslim students? These communities like all other cultural communities are fluid and change over time. They also taught that only God on Judgment Day is capable of judging sinners and determining whether or not they are faithful and deserving of Paradise. The destruction of this venerated site has never been forgotten by Shii Muslims and contributed to the historic antipathy between the Wahhabi of Saudi Arabia and Shii Islam both in Saudi Arabia and Iran. Muslims believe that the Quran, as well as the Torah and the Gospels, is based on a tablet written in Arabic that exists in heaven with God. Yet our surveys indicate that relatively few people in the U.S. or Europe say they have much knowledge about Islam. Although these characteristics would give the impression of harmony with peers and the environment, it does not actually exist since students are not able to share their cultural identities. Family therapy can help families overcome hardships by exploring challenges and improving communication. A Michigan without Muslims would lose: More than 1600 new inventions Medical care for 1.6 million patients Social services for 24,000 families The education of 30,000 K-12 students Consequently, attempts to provide Arab students with mirrors to view themselves in the literature and other students with windows to learn about Arab and Muslim peers result in magnfying stereotypes, misconceptions, and feelings of alienation for the same students the texts were intended to empower. However, Muslims who advocate a literal interpretation of the Quran believe that the gender inequalities it prescribes apply to every time and place as Gods revealed social order. b. immerse themselves in the Arab and Muslim communties in order to accurately understand students and modify practices, policies, and systems to better meet their needs. It requires an annual contribution of 2.5 percent of an individuals wealth and assets, not merely a percentage of annual income. Until recently, most Westerners had never heard of Wahhabi Islam, but we have now repeatedly heard this term with respect to Osama bin Laden and Saudi Arabia. Students want to be seen and heard. In the modern world, Islamic law faces the challenge of distinguishing the divine prescriptions and eternal principles of the Quran from regulations arising from human interpretations in response to specific historical situations. One of Muhammad's first actions was to purge the. Since most Americans do not know many Muslims personally, the media is often the main source of people's information about them. Muslims believe that they are following in the same tradition as the Judeo-Christian figures Adam, Noah, Abraham, Moses, and Jesus who they believe were significant prophets before Muhammad. Although these texts may represent the lived experiences of the authors, they do not differentiate between the Arabic culture of the specific region versus the role of the religion. Abd al-Wahhab called for a fresh interpretation of Islam that returned to the fundamentals of Islam, the Quran and the Sunnah (example) of the Prophet Muhammad. In some cases it becomes difficult to distinguish whether conflicts are driven primarily by politics and economics or by religion. This helps us to understand the Islamic belief that its revelation is intended to correct such departures from the straight path as the Christian concept of the Trinity and veneration of the Virgin Mary in Catholicism. They wanted to anchor Islamic law more firmly to its revealed sources and make it less vulnerable to manipulation by rulers and their appointed judges. (This is the final post in a multipart series. This event is known as the Hijra, or emigration. Research has highlighted that this is the plight of many students of color across the United States; however, research has also highlighted that Arab and Muslim students are more of a target of systematic oppression and inequality due to the current political climate, which began its shift after 9/11. They reject Islamic laws regulations regarding the goals and legitimate means for a validjihad: that violence must be proportional and that only the necessary amount of force should be used to repel the enemy, that innocent civilians should not be targeted, and that jihadmust be declared by the ruler or head of state. Psychologists, social workers and psychiatrists can all provide therapy, but there are differences in their training and specialization. Millions of borrowers are feeling collective disappointment. Fact #2: The word "Allah" is the Arabic word for God, just as Deus, Theos and Dieu are in Latin, Greek, and French. As we see inQuran 4:48: God does not forgive anyone for associating something with Him, while He does forgive whomever He wishes to for anything else. 8. Many who are on pilgrimage also perform the umrah rituals before, during, or after the hajj. Internationally, the Saudis, both government-sponsored organizations and wealthy individuals, have exported their ultraconservative version of Wahhabi Islam to other countries and communities in the Muslim world and the West. Radio Show. As my colleagues have mentioned in early posts, it is critical to recognize their culture in the classroom. An Ethnography of Pakistani Muslim Youth. Families and friends share a special late evening meal together, often including special foods and sweets served only at this time of the year. ", Some Muslims may believe that mental health issues are related to the level of religiosity., Muslims are a heterogenous group with liberals (modern) and conservatives (traditional)., Muslim mental health is influenced by the history of the Islamic civilization.. 2023 Editorial Projects in Education, Inc. Biden's plan would have provided relief to most federal student loan borrowers - as many as 43 million people. The Wahhabi movement takes its name from Muhammad Ibn Abd al-Wahhab (1703-1791), a scholar of Islamic law and theology in Mecca and Medina. Direct link to josh silva's post how much does mahammad's , Posted 9 years ago. Educators cannot understand the constructs of current events without analyzing the path of how we got here through the exploration of history. Riverhead Books. On the other hand, you could have some students who are newer to the United States that could have gaps in their education because of conflicts in their countrySyrian, Yemen, and Iraq, among others. Direct link to Rajeshwari's post Did Muhammad start Islam , Posted 7 years ago. Here's a Better Way to Approach Supreme Court Decisions in Class, What People Are Getting Wrong About the Science of Reading. Since retiring from Hamline, she works as an English Language Specialist for the US Department of State. Conversely, conservative Muslims are observant and follow the literal interpretations of the Islamic scriptures. However, contemporary scholars have noted that the priority referred to in this verse is based upon mens socioeconomic responsibilities for women. ), Uthman (64456 C.E. It strengthens the conscience, reaffirms total dependence on God, and puts worldly concerns within the perspective of death, the last judgment, and the afterlife. They should debunk the myth of the correlation between Islam and mental health. I do not consider myself white because as an Arab, I am not treated as I am white., Sarah: No white for me is a European construct. With that, past experiences in education and access to resources will be different. I really don't know how to start so don't judge me for my blunt beginning. This book review summarizes Michael Abraham's (2020) book, " Engaging Muslim Students in Public Schools: What Educators Need to Understand," and discusses why teachers will find it useful. Muhammad was succeeded by the four rightly-guided Caliphs (khalifa or successor in Arabic): Abu Bakr (63234 C.E. how much does mahammad's death effect modern day muslims. Consequently, leaders of Islamic activist movements have reclaimed the right to ijtihad (independent reasoning) to reinterpret Islam to address contemporary issues and meet needs in modern societies. You can find her on Twitter @SJEducate. However, for teachers who care enough to make their classrooms a welcoming environment for all students, this book provides in-depth explanations and suggestions that they can consider. accept ayaat from Allah swt, his friends and followers write it. Women have been assigned second-class status in Islam based upon Quran4:34, which says, Men have responsibility for and priority over women, since God has given some of them advantages over others and because they should spend their wealth [for the support of women].. As an Arab American mother who has elementary and middle school age children and as an administrator at an institution that has a very large Arab American student population, who has also served as the adviser to an Arab student organization for a decade, I know our children deserve to be seen. Islamic law developed in response to the concrete realities of daily life. Both have private and public dimensions, and both give Islam a prominent public role in Muslim community life. Today, the Shiite community is composed of several different branches, and there are large Shia populations in Iran, Iraq, and Bahrain. What they may not understand, however, are the sources of their and their parents discomfort with American culture, a predominantly Christian learning environment. The United States is home to 3.45 million Muslims, or followers of Islam the world's fastest-growing religion.According to the most recent FBI data, over 13% of anti-religious hate crimes are committed against Muslims.. Support of Muslim students at colleges and universities is critical. Yet, they are often not considered native to those countries if they were born or lived abroad for long periods of time. In Islam the discipline of the Ramadan fast is intended to stimulate reflection on human frailty and dependence upon God, focus on spiritual goals and values, and identification with and response to the less fortunate. The Untold Story: Removing the Muffle on Arab and Muslim Student Voices. Psychology Today 2023 Sussex Publishers, LLC. Why do we need to know about Islam? 2002 John L. Esposito. Around 610 C.E., Muhammad had his first religious experience, where he was instructed to recite by the Angel Gabriel. The Hanafi came to predominate in the Arab world and South Asia; the Maliki in North, Central, and West Africa; the Shafii in East Africa and Southeast Asia; and the Hanbali in Saudi Arabia. Stereotype threat theory understands human behavior through the influences of the social settings. Sinners were to be excommunicated and were subject to death unless they repented. jazzakumu llahu khoiran. These reminders throughout the day help to keep believers mindful of God in the midst of everyday concerns about work and family with all their attractions and distractions. Build off some of the economic and trade knowledge that students have to teach content. It may have not been called "Islaam" but the core of the message was the same. Correction made on 7 June, 2021: An earlier version of this article mistakenly included Al Mansours (2015) The Green Bicycle as another popular book among Western readers which could be offensive to Muslims sensibilities. And, when we think of who we're teaching, the needs of Arab and Muslim students are . For example, they may believe that if a Muslim is not fully practicing the . Muhammad's divine recitations form the Qur'an and are organized into books (surahs) and verses (ayat). e. The fifth Pillar is thePilgrimageorHajjto Mecca in Saudi Arabia. The Sunnis, who do not hold that Ali should have directly succeeded Muhammad, compose the largest branch of Islam; their adherents can be found across North Africa, the Middle East, as well as in Asia and Europe. Islam is the second largest religion in the world (after Christianity) and will soon be the second largest religion in America. The other groups are more Islamically oriented but have different opinions as to the role Islam should play in public life. Muslim children are more likely to be bullied in school than children of other faiths. Used by permission of Oxford University Press. But it is a cross-cultural, cross-ethnic, cross-national . Despite a rich diversity in Islamic practice, there are five simple required observances prescribed in the Quran that all practicing Muslims accept and follow. First, the verse specifies that witnessing is relevant in cases of a written transaction, contract, or court case. All Muslims, regardless of their native language, memorize and recite the Quran in Arabic, the language in which it was revealed, whether they fully understand this language or not. It's a mysterious package, delivered by subtle sensory clues. Shiis further split into three main divisions as a result of disagreement over the number of Imams who succeeded Muhammad. Their lived experiences were not of a white person. Contemporary scholars have revisited this question also, offering several observations about the sociohistorical context in which the verse was revealed. include the use of storytelling and experiences of Arab and Muslim students. The broader Near East, in which Arabia was located, was itself divided between two warring superpowers, the Byzantine (Eastern Roman) and the Sasanian (Persian) empires. Therefore, Shiis see in this time period the illegitimate usurpation of power by the Sunnis at the expense of creating a just society. Some parents feel that simply having their children attend Islamic schools . (See next question.) 1. Does anyone know who exactly????? It is possible to be hired as a Permanent Resident, referred to as a Green Card holder, but most, including the Muslim teachers. Second, Muslims are a heterogenous group with liberals (modern) and conservatives (traditional). MSAs work to promote education about Islam and inclusion for Muslim students with a focus on public service. Therefore, counselors should note whether the Muslim client is a liberal or conservative because that will have real implications for therapy. Your email address will not be published. As a parent of children with exposure to these texts in school, I found it challenging to navigate these texts with my children, empowering them to hold critical conversations with misinformed teachers who were perpetuating Arab and Muslim stereotypes. For example, a broad prohibition of alcohol is deduced from a specific prohibition of wine, based on the altered mental state that both substances cause. At the lower grades (K-2) , there is less of a chance that students will come into your classroom with Arabic literacy. A new survey by the Institute for Social Policy and Understanding (ISPU) reveals that 42 percent of Muslims . The world in which the Islamic community emerged was a rough neighborhood. Direct link to Ahmed( )'s post Akbar means greater so it, Posted 8 years ago. Learn about the history and traditions of Muslim holidays Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Adha Classroom Voices Educator Voice: What I learned from the data visualization genius of W.E.B. This is the kind of question no one asks of his or her own religion; we save it for others! Subsequent columns will focus on dismantling common misconceptions about Arabs and on proactive actions educators can take to create more inclusive environments for Arab students. Just a reminder; you can subscribe and receive updates from this blog via email or RSS Reader. Read Also: Is It Too Late to Plan for Ramadan? Moreover, conservative Muslims may visit Muslim clerics when seeking help for psychological challenges, while liberals may prefer seeing a psychologist. Although these students have had some interrupted schooling, being in conflicted regions has built their life experiences beyond yearsthere are some who at times have been the breadwinner of their family as a teenager. Arab and Muslim adolescents developmentally just want to belong and feel included (Jaber, 2019). They have ways to support virtual books in Arabic as well. Esposito looks at many parts of Islam such as core beliefs, differences between Sunni and Shia, and gender roles, among other topics. Ibn Taymiyyas opinions remain relevant today because they have inspired the militancy and religious worldview of organizations like Osama bin Ladens al-Qaeda network. Teachers should always remember students cultures and how to really inspire their curiosity in learning. So, what happens to these students when this is the only representation? In light of the right of women to own property and make their own investments, this interpretation is in keeping with broader Quranic values. Reading it will make one a more culturally-relevant, thoughtful, and accommodating teacher. Twinkl: Twinkl is always a good resource to use, and they are constantly developing content-related materials in Arabic. Men and women are equally responsible for adhering to the Five Pillars of Islam. This can really ignite curiosity on science, nature, and fiction. Thisfatwaestablished a precedent: despite their claim to be Muslims, their failure to implement Shariah rendered the Mongols apostates and hence the lawful object ofjihad. From the earliest times, it was forbidden in Islam to kill noncombatants as well as women and children and monks and rabbis, who were given the promise of immunity unless they took part in the fighting. Therefore, it is a high-possibility where the majority of Japanese people have never met Muslims. Indeed, whenever a pious Muslim begins an activity such as a meal, writing a letter, or driving a car, he or she says, Al-Rahman al-Rahim (In the name of God the Merciful and Compassionate). have been in search of this for days. Collaborate with different stakeholders for the purpose of creating more equitable curricula that is accessible to this specific subgroup. From Egypt to Indonesia and Europe to America, many Muslims today work to reexamine their faith in the light of the changing realities of their societies and their lives, developing new approaches to diversity and pluralism. There may be access to more resources for English proficiency, grants, and other special programs if the demographics in educational institutions are more accurately captured. We hope to provide teachers with the tools and knowledge they need to better serve Arab students. Some of the practices Abraham asks teachers to implement will require teachers to take substantial time to communicate with parents and students. They have offered development aid, built mosques, libraries, and other institutions, funded and distributed religious tracts, and commissioned imams and religious scholars. Khaira, this really help me gain more knowledge about my Deen. Quran9:71-72 states, The Believers, men and women, are protectors of one another; they enjoin in what is just, and forbid what is evil; they observe regular prayers, pay zakat and obey God and His Messenger. Count Us In! Also, promote Parent/Caregiver and Child together activities for your Arabic-speaking families in your program that are academic. The Sunnah of Muhammad (recorded in hundreds of traditions describing the Prophets private and public life and his individual and communal activities) illustrates Islamic faith in practice and supplements and explains Quranic principles. Should Schools Reward Attendance? Muslim Student Associations (MSAs) on university campuses across the United States hope to change that dynamic. Teachers may also be hesitant about getting inspiration from Islamic pedagogical practice. Anti-Muslim They believe in one God, the creator, sustainer, ruler, and judge of the universe. The month of Ramadan ends with one of the two major Islamic celebrations, the Feast of the Breaking of the Fast, calledEid al-Fitr, which resembles Christmas in its spirit of joyfulness, special celebrations, and gift giving.
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